Forming the plains watered by the Indus along mountain corridors where the Himalaya, Karakoram and Hindu Kush converge, Pakistan’s cultural heritage unfolds across millennia. From Neolithic Mehrgarh to the planned cities of the Indus Valley, from Buddhist Gandhara to living Sufi shrines and a musical culture that travels the world, the country’s heritage is both…
A Managerial and Cultural Learning Journey (Sponsored by PATHFINDER GROUP) Introduction Globalisation has transformed the dynamics of business and management education. For management students, learning is no longer confined to textbooks and classroom discussions it requires practical exposure, intercultural competence, and adaptability to diverse work environments. As an MBA student at Quaid-e-Azam University, Islamabad, I…
Introduction Assalam-o-Alaikum and good morning everyone. It is always a great pleasure to interact with the young generation of Pakistan, who are the future leaders of our beautiful country. Today we will talk about something that is not only important for us as individuals, but for our society and our country. I want to talk…
Recent modernizations in military technology have revolutionized warfare. Science and technology have extended the scope and impact of war fighting concepts. Anti-Access / Area Denial (A2/AD) are always present in intended limited domains but modern warfare and massive changes in missile technologies have evolved them from Defensive doctrines to Offensive ones. Traditionally A2/AD refer to…
The May 2025 brief conflict between Pakistan and India witnessed a significant shift in the character of warfare. This included short but intense air combat and the exchange of longrange missile and drone attacks. Traditional formations including strike corps, were not mobilised by both sides though intense artillery and rocket barrages broke out over the…
Since centuries, sea has remained as a medium of cooperation and conflict. With the advent of modern technologies, the amalgamation of air, sea and land has transformed the warfare. Billy Mitchell’s demonstration of targeting a warship by aircrafts in 1921 may have been an effort to divert resources from building costly capital ships, but it…
PAF’s Technological Philosophy In The Age Of Multi Domain Warfare “Doctrinal inadequacy is no less the cause of defeat, or of unnecessary reverses, than istechnological backwardness” – Colin S. Gray Military forces of any nation exist and are maintained as a means through which threats can be countered. The two basic elements through which Militaries…
John Masters (26 October 1914 – 07 May 1983) was a British army officer and a famous author. His novels dealt with life in British India. John’s own background fully qualified him for the task while his family had long association with India going back to 1805 when his great-great grandfather came to India with…
IntroductionThe aerial dimension has always been, and will continue to be, the pivotal arbiter in any future conflict between Pakistan and India. The recent events of May 2025, specifically the Indian Air Force’s (IAF) ill-fated “Operation Sindoor,” serve as a profound case study, offering invaluable insights into the evolving aerial equation and the critical role…
Trade Wars, Tariffs, and the New Realpolitik President Donald Trump’s second term has ushered in a foreign policy that departs sharply from the liberal internationalist consensus of the post–Cold War era. Instead of multilateralism and institution-building, the Trump administration has embraced transactional diplomacy, tariff-based leverage, and a CEO-style approach to global power. The guiding logic…
