Modi’s India: Hindu Nationalism and the Rise of Ethnic Democracy by Christophe Jaffrelot presents a coherently robust claim about the transformational nature of the political project of Narendra Modi and the Bharatiya Janata Party to change the nature of Indian politics by re-interpreting decades of Hindutva sentiment into a political programme. According to the author,…
Gaza Plan and the Middle East Security Alignments Context U.S. President Donald Trump’s proposed 20-point Gaza peace plan represents an ambitious attempt to reshape the strategic landscape of the Middle East by reframing the terms of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict and subsuming regional security structures into a U.S.-led framework. Unlike previous mediation efforts, which sought to…
The 4th Battalion of the Sindh Regiment (4 Sindh previously 44 Punjab) is known as SARMAST. On 25 October 2025, an impressive inauguration ceremony of “SARMAST LOUNGE” was held at AMAANIBAGH, Angoori, Islamabad. AMAANIBAGH is the HOME of the SEHGAL family. The Sarmast Lounge and two Guest Rooms adjacent to it are located in a…
Forming the plains watered by the Indus along mountain corridors where the Himalaya, Karakoram and Hindu Kush converge, Pakistan’s cultural heritage unfolds across millennia. From Neolithic Mehrgarh to the planned cities of the Indus Valley, from Buddhist Gandhara to living Sufi shrines and a musical culture that travels the world, the country’s heritage is both…
A Managerial and Cultural Learning Journey (Sponsored by PATHFINDER GROUP) Introduction Globalisation has transformed the dynamics of business and management education. For management students, learning is no longer confined to textbooks and classroom discussions it requires practical exposure, intercultural competence, and adaptability to diverse work environments. As an MBA student at Quaid-e-Azam University, Islamabad, I…
Introduction Assalam-o-Alaikum and good morning everyone. It is always a great pleasure to interact with the young generation of Pakistan, who are the future leaders of our beautiful country. Today we will talk about something that is not only important for us as individuals, but for our society and our country. I want to talk…
Recent modernizations in military technology have revolutionized warfare. Science and technology have extended the scope and impact of war fighting concepts. Anti-Access / Area Denial (A2/AD) are always present in intended limited domains but modern warfare and massive changes in missile technologies have evolved them from Defensive doctrines to Offensive ones. Traditionally A2/AD refer to…
The May 2025 brief conflict between Pakistan and India witnessed a significant shift in the character of warfare. This included short but intense air combat and the exchange of longrange missile and drone attacks. Traditional formations including strike corps, were not mobilised by both sides though intense artillery and rocket barrages broke out over the…
Since centuries, sea has remained as a medium of cooperation and conflict. With the advent of modern technologies, the amalgamation of air, sea and land has transformed the warfare. Billy Mitchell’s demonstration of targeting a warship by aircrafts in 1921 may have been an effort to divert resources from building costly capital ships, but it…
Redefining Deterrence And Regional Balance The dawn of 10th May 2025 witnessed an operation that describes the idea of a solid, immovable wall that serves as a metaphor –“Marka-e-Haq” for the resolve of a nation. It is a new chapter in the defense doctrine of Pakistan. It is based on assertiveness and concrete steps against…
