Muslims believe in One God, One Messenger, and One Book (Quran) which discusses most subjects[1], yet sects exist. One major reason for sectarianism is the use of different Hadiths[2] for conflicting interpretations of Quranic verses[3]. Many wonder why, after the compilation of the Quran, the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) and the Rightly Guided…
The national interest definition has been evolving since centuries and was self-derived by societies, rulers, empires, and alliances to serve their best interests. The concept of national interest is very important in terms of international relations because it provides the data and material upon which foreign policy of a nation is defined and evolved. The…
Pakistan – A land of vast resources and brilliant people – is a mantra we have grown up with, but over the years’ harsh realities hit. Almost 60% of the population of Pakistan consists of youth and the majority is hanging between education institutes and the job market. Every year, a boat sinks far away…
Lord Palmerston, a British statesman and Prime Minister is often quoted to have said that there are no permanent enemies, and no permanent friends but only permanent interests in international relations. He was primarily correct because Britain did not have land borders contiguous with any other nation but Ireland. However, for countries with neighbours geographically…
War is inevitable. The Thirty Years’ War, World War I, World War II, and the Cold War era transformed the panorama of the world. War is defined as a state of armed conflict between different countries or different groups in a country. Since the advent of time, states have been waging wars against one another…
Context In the post-October 7, 2023 Hamas-led attack on Israel, the geopolitics of Middle East is fast evolving. This has been accompanied by the loss of Hezbollah leadership in Lebanon and the fall of the Assad regime in Syria in December 2024. The inauguration of President Trump on January 20, 2025 has presented unique threats…
The American war in Afghanistan lasted for two decades and a substantial number of books were written by western military men, diplomats, politicians, and journalists. They provide an outside perspective, and no Afghan has written about the experience of their nation. Twenty Years by Sune Engel Rasmussen is unique as it gives experience of several…
The state-society interaction in Pakistan has a direct connection with the country’s political stability, governance structure, and economic development. This interaction has resulted in a multifaceted conflicting scenario in which the country’s political and social landscapes are passing through critical phases. The leading academic surveys from diverse directions of international intellectual communities have emerged, they…
Targetted Killings Unknown armed assailants opened fire at a local hotel in Turbat on the night of Feb 04, killing political activist and MPhil scholar Allah Dad, son of Abdul Wahid, who was a member of the National Democratic Party. The police confirmed the murder, stating that the victim was shot dead after evening prayers…
The World Economic Forum (WEF) 2025 in Davos gave a unique opportunity to engage with global investors, policymakers, and thought leaders, reaffirming the country’s commitment to economic growth, digital transformation, and regional development. In the previous edition, I reflected on the first three events organized by Pathfinder Group; ‘Inspiring Pakistan’, ‘Pakistan Breakfast’ and ‘Investment Pakistan.’…
