Forming the plains watered by the Indus along mountain corridors where the Himalaya, Karakoram and Hindu Kush converge, Pakistan’s cultural heritage unfolds across millennia. From Neolithic Mehrgarh to the planned cities of the Indus Valley, from Buddhist Gandhara to living Sufi shrines and a musical culture that travels the world, the country’s heritage is both…
A Managerial and Cultural Learning Journey (Sponsored by PATHFINDER GROUP) Introduction Globalisation has transformed the dynamics of business and management education. For management students, learning is no longer confined to textbooks and classroom discussions it requires practical exposure, intercultural competence, and adaptability to diverse work environments. As an MBA student at Quaid-e-Azam University, Islamabad, I…
Introduction Assalam-o-Alaikum and good morning everyone. It is always a great pleasure to interact with the young generation of Pakistan, who are the future leaders of our beautiful country. Today we will talk about something that is not only important for us as individuals, but for our society and our country. I want to talk…
Recent modernizations in military technology have revolutionized warfare. Science and technology have extended the scope and impact of war fighting concepts. Anti-Access / Area Denial (A2/AD) are always present in intended limited domains but modern warfare and massive changes in missile technologies have evolved them from Defensive doctrines to Offensive ones. Traditionally A2/AD refer to…
The May 2025 brief conflict between Pakistan and India witnessed a significant shift in the character of warfare. This included short but intense air combat and the exchange of longrange missile and drone attacks. Traditional formations including strike corps, were not mobilised by both sides though intense artillery and rocket barrages broke out over the…
Since centuries, sea has remained as a medium of cooperation and conflict. With the advent of modern technologies, the amalgamation of air, sea and land has transformed the warfare. Billy Mitchell’s demonstration of targeting a warship by aircrafts in 1921 may have been an effort to divert resources from building costly capital ships, but it…
IntroductionThe aerial dimension has always been, and will continue to be, the pivotal arbiter in any future conflict between Pakistan and India. The recent events of May 2025, specifically the Indian Air Force’s (IAF) ill-fated “Operation Sindoor,” serve as a profound case study, offering invaluable insights into the evolving aerial equation and the critical role…
Since the arrival of the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) at the helm, a marked change has occurred in the outlook of the Indian Army. Apolitical hitherto, it gradually became involved in politics one way or another. Anti-Muslim sentiments gained momentum, and Bollywood-style hyper-action movies began to shape perceptions—blurring the line between fiction and reality—and influencing…
The Dawn of 6th September 1965 In the annals of history, certain days emerge as timeless symbols of national will, courage, and unshakable unity. For Pakistan, 6th September 1965 is not merely a date—it is a living testament to the indomitable spirit of a young nation that dared to stand against an aggressor many times…
Pathfinder Group’s flagship initiative, “Centre for Innovation, Technological Advancement, Digital Entrepreneurs & Leadership (CITADEL)” organized an engaging discussion titled “Entrepreneurship and Innovation: Trends amongst Gen Z and Young Millennials” on August 23, 2025, from 10:00 a.m. to 3:00 p.m. at Amaanibagh Angoori, Islamabad. Supported by the Providentia Books Foundation (PBF) and the Karachi Council on…
